Construction of heterogeneous 5G/6G communication networks

Abstract

The article considers scientific and applied aspects of building heterogeneous communication networks of the fifth and sixth generations, based on the integration of heterogeneous radio technologies, access networks and distributed computing resources. The trends in the development of telecommunication systems are analyzed, associated with the growth of the number of connected devices, the increase in traffic volumes and the expansion of the spectrum of digital services that require high bandwidth, minimal delays and reliable data transmission. It is shown that the fulfillment of these requirements is ensured by combining macrocells, small cells, wireless local networks, satellite segments and edge computing platforms within a single network infrastructure. The features of the interaction of different segments of heterogeneous networks, the issues of load balancing, radio resource management and maintaining the required quality of service for different categories of traffic are considered. The feasibility of using software-defined networks and virtualization of network functions, which provide centralized resource management, fast configuration of network services and increased flexibility of telecommunications infrastructure, is substantiated. The possibilities of using edge and cloud computing to reduce delays and increase the efficiency of information processing are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for monitoring the network status, traffic forecasting, adaptive distribution of radio resources and support for deci-sion-making on network reconfiguration in real time. It is shown that the complex application of modern network technologies ensures more efficient use of spectral resources, increases network resis-tance to uneven load and improves the quality of user service. The generalized results of the analysis of the effectiveness of implementing heterogeneous architectures are presented, which indicate an increase in throughput, expansion of the coverage area, reduction of data transmission delays and increased reliability of the functioning of the telecommunications infrastructure compared to traditional homogeneous networks. The results obtained can be used in the design and optimization of next-generation telecommunications systems in the transition from 5G to 6G networks.

Keywords: heterogeneous networks, network functions virtualization, cloud computing, telecommunication systems, software-defined networks.